CIP Blog

Some issues with leases can be solved pretty quickly so let’s clump a few lease issues together, shall we? 

Use:Easy isn’t it?  If you are taking about office space it is very easy.  Just insert language like this…

Class B Office Space

The Leased Premises shall be used by Tenant for general office purposes and for no other purpose whatsoever, without the prior written consent of Landlord.

Problem solved.  I have never gotten into a protracted lease negotiation that involved “Use” in an office lease.

Retail however, is another story.  Insurance companies don’t mind being next to each other in an office building but grocery stores don’t like it when you put there competitor next door.  Many anchors require “exclusivity clauses” that limit the shopping center’s ability to lease to a competitor.  An example is the Shops at Western Plaza.  The Fresh Market is the only grocery store allowed in the center. 

For that reason we have to write the “Use” section of the lease for new tenants carefully.  A tenant like Hard Knox Pizza will have the use listed as something like this:

The Premises will be used for operation of pizza restaurant, and associated food and beverages and for no other purpose whatsoever, without the prior written consent of Landlord. 

Without this language Hard Knox would have the ability, in theory, the change their store to a massage parlor, barber shop or grocery store (or anything else) and the landlord could do nothing about it; even if it did violate another tenant’s exclusivity.

Parking can be a big factor

Parking:

Things to watch for in lease language regarding parking:

• Is the number of parking spaces in the lot listed on the lease?  They don’t have to be but if you are tenant that has a lot of walk-in traffic you need some way to protect your employees and customers parking rights.
• Are their plenty of spots for visitor parking?  If not, ask for them.
• Do you have reserved parking?  What protections do you have from getting those taken away?
• Who has the right to tow cars?  The landlord and managing company must have the right to tow illegally parked cars.

Use of the Common Area:

This is one of those common sense things that are in just about every lease.  The lobby, restrooms, stairwells, etc…are for the use of the tenant, their employees, agents and guests.  Tenants are not supposed to use common areas for conducting business. See…common sense.

As always, if you have questions please feel free to contact me at 865-584-3967 or jcazana@ciprop.com

Next week we delve into….SIGNAGE!

Justin Cazana, CCIM

Back to our section by section review of leases.

 Assignment and subleasing. 

 This can sometimes be a contentious issue (but then again what isn’t in commercial leases?).

Here are the basics…a tenant has a lease at a certain piece of property.  The tenant wants to move out, shrink their space, or bring in another business to the property.  They can do this for any number of reasons: maybe they need someone to help cover their cost; maybe they have out grown their space and need to expand; or maybe they are going out of business and want to find another tenant for the landlord.

In general, a sublease is a legal agreement where tenants transfer their interest in the leased premises to a subtenant.

If you are tenant, read your lease. A tenant’s right to enter into a sublease may be expressly prohibited or restricted by the landlord. These restraints are usually clearly expressed in the lease/rental agreement or the courts will not enforce them. Landlords usually require written consent to subletting. 

If you are landlord, I would suggest getting this language inserted in your lease. You need to protect yourself.

A sublease is a contractual relationship between the tenant and the subtenant. The relationship between a tenant and a subtenant is essentially the same as the relationship between the landlord and the tenant. In general, the liabilities of the parties to each other are governed by the same rules that apply to the lease. From the time the subtenant takes possession of the leased premises, he/she becomes a tenant of the original tenant (I know, it’s confusing).

A tenant who subleases his interest in a leased premises to a third party (the subtenant) is not released from the obligations under the lease/rental agreement. The tenant is still liable to the landlord for rent and all other provisions contained in the lease.

There is no direct contractual relationship between the landlord and the subtenant. Therefore, the subtenant has no direct rights against the landlord under the terms of the original lease/rental agreement. This also means that a subtenant is not liable to the landlord for rent or for breach of any terms in the original lease agreement. However, the subtenant may be liable to the landlord if he/she expressly assumed the terms of the original lease/rental agreement.

In many ways an assignment is similar to a sublease except an assignment means you are transferring the total rights and responsibilities over the lease to another business. 

 Subleasing/Assignment Issues:

• Excess rent:  Some tenants will sublease their space at a rate higher than what they are paying and try to pocket the profits.  A landlord’s lease needs language to make sure the proceeds from any sublease are retained by the landlord, not the tenant.  If needed this can be a negotiating point later.

•  Use:  This is one of the reasons a landlord needs the ability in a lease to reject a sublease.  If a shopping center has a pizza restaurant (with the exclusive right to operate in the center) and a burger joint wants to sublease to a competitor of the pizza restaurant the landlord has to have the ability to reject this sublease.  If the landlord does not have this ability they could be sued for breach of lease with the original pizza restaurant.

• Liability:  The landlord needs to be protected in the event that the tenant tries to assign a lease to a tenant with poor credit.  You don’t want a Fortune 500 what may be in one of your office buildings to assign their lease to a shell holding company that can easily go bankrupt at any minute.  In many cases language is inserted in a lease that states the tenant can assign the lease so long as the new tenant (assignee) has a net worth greater than or equal to the first tenant (assignor) at the time the original lease is executed.

 Lots of details but very important ones.  As always, feel free to contact me if you have any questions. jcazana@ciprop.com or 865-584-3967.

 Sincerely,

 Justin Cazana, CCIM

Knoxville, Tennessee

We take a reprieve from looking at the details of a lease to look at the market update for Knoxville. 

Since our last market update (a month ago), I am happy to say that things have certainly improved in the prospect area.   The phone is ringing more often, retailers are starting to talk about expansion and corporate users are looking for office space.

Retail Growth

Retail:   We manage/broker four different retail properties in Knoxville and the activity at all the centers has picked up.  CIP has done about 11,000sft of retail leasing in the last six weeks (our first retail leases of the year).   Other retailers are moving into the area.  West Town is getting the tea boutique Teavana and a Tommy Hilfiger.  There is a new Brazilian restaurant moving into the former Amerigo’s and the former Boater’s World location across from the mall will soon be home to Nicola’s Fine Furniture and Aspen Dental.   And lets not forget that Sullivan’s will open another west Knoxville location in the old Italian Market at Franklin Square.

Office space is starting to move again

On the office side activity has increased although not many deals have been closed.  Most of the leases are for tenants relocating, not necessarily expanding.  From the deals CIP is working on you can notice that most of the tenants looking to move are corporate groups.  Most locally owned companies are staying put. 

The big office news is still technically a rumor.    Shopper-News reported earlier this month that Powell-based medical products manufacturer DeRoyal Industries is negotiating to buy the JCPenney Building, on Gay Street, as a possible new corporate HQ. 

The story gave few details and company president Bill Pittman this morning said that “We have no plans to move downtown.”

Knoxville Industrial vacancy has risen 3% in the last two years.

The negative news is on the industrial side.  According to an MPC report, the vacancy rate grew from 11.1 percent in the fourth quarter of 2007 to 14.1 percent in the fourth quarter of 2009.  That is a pretty significant jump.

Four notable industrial properties were vacated since 2007 adding a combined 1,137,825 square feet to the market and making up 33 percent of the area’s vacant space.  That does not include an additional 102,000sft that has gone vacant since this report was completed. Vacancies also continued to grow at the national level, with the national vacancy rate registering 13.2 percent availability in the fourth quarter of 2009. 

Reading real estate is like reading tea leaves…tough to do and can leave a bitter taste in your mouth.  Things do look better as a whole but the market is still volatile. 

As always, if you have any questions please feel free to contact me at 865-584-3967 or jcazana@ciprop.com

Justin Cazana, CCIM

Where do we want to start when it comes to the “Green Wave”?  Of course I am referring to the popular push to create energy efficient buildings on both the commercial and residential sides of the industry. 

Green initiatives have two significant factors; first they lower building emissions which helps the environment but most importantly to many people they can save building owners LOTS of money!

When you hear about green initiatives you were hear lots of different view points and rankings.  Two of the most popular are ENERGY STAR ratings and LEED Designations.

Energy Star: This federal program has been around since 1992 and focuses on energy saving products and more recently houses and commercial buildings.

According to the ENERGY STAR web site: Energy prices have become a hot news topic and a major concern for consumers. ENERGY STAR provides solutions. ENERGY STAR provides a trustworthy label on over 60 product categories (and thousands of models) for the home and office. These products deliver the same or better performance as comparable models while using less energy and saving money. ENERGY STAR also provides easy-to-use home and building assessment tools so that homeowners and building managers can start down the path to greater efficiency and cost savings.

II Centre Square has recieved the Energy Star Rating

Recently, II Centre Square, a 91,000sft office building in downtown Knoxville that is managed by Commercial & Investment Properties (CIP) received its ENERGY STAR rating.  It’s only the second privately owned building in downtown to received the ranking.   CIP implemented a variety of energy-saving features to improve the building’s efficiency. 

Some of these improvements include:

• Replacing magnetic ballasts and T-12 lamps with efficient T-8 lamps.
• Replacing original cooling tower with a highly-efficient 215-ton replacement.
• Installing compact fluorescent lamps in place of incandescent floods lights.
• Installing motion sensors in common areas to control lighting.
• Installing variable frequency drives (VFD) on the HVAC equipment.
• Replacing the pneumatic thermostats & controls with programmable controls.
• Providing set backs for heating and cooling with push-button override for after hour occupancy.

CIP’s Director of Development, Ryan Cazana, says while these improvements save money in the long run they just make good environmental sense.  “Energy use in commercial buildings and manufacturing plants accounts for nearly half of all energy consumption in the U.S.  Plus these facilities are also responsible for nearly half of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions which contribute to global warming.”

These capital improvements will save tenants in the building over the long run, while lowering the building’s carbon emissions at the same time.  The payback for these improvements is less than three years thanks to lower operating expenses.

LEED: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

LEED is the internationally recognized green building certification system developed by the U.S. Green Building Council.  LEED provides third-party verification that a building was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance across all the metrics: energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction, improved indoor environmental quality, stewardship of natural resources and sensitivity to their impacts.

LEED certified buildings reduce energy use on average by 28% as compared to conventional buildings.  Since the launch of LEED in 2000, more than 4,500 buildings have achieved LEED certification. 

Not everyone is pushing to receive LEED certification.  In fact, many buildings are built to LEED guidelines but don’t go after the plaque.  The cost to have an outside firm come in and document your building & design process can be cost prohibitive. 

Nissan HQ-Leed designed

For example, Nissan’s 240,000sft corporate headquarters outside of Nashville is designed to meet Gold standards for LEED but does not have the designation.  Nissan says the cost of getting the designation would have exceeded two million dollars, instead they decided to take that money and put it into the building to even further improve the buildings efficiency.  

The good news is the cost of to certify a building is becoming less and less of a factor as more firms become capable of providing the certification needed.

Even retail & hospitality centers are getting involved.  The article below is from Tuesday’s Knoxville News Sentinel and talks about a new green theater in Chattanooga:                                   This week, theater owners across the country gather in Las Vegas for a major industry convention, and among the topics on the agenda is the greening of the movie business. The industry’s poster child sits just down the road from Knoxville – a Carmike cinema that recently opened on Broad Street in downtown Chattanooga. The theater, which began showing films in October, expects to receive LEED certification any day, according to Dale Hurst, director of marketing for Georgia-based Carmike. “We’re the first LEED stand-alone theater,” Hurst said. “We’re right in the middle of the running to be gold certified.” The theater features sustainable building practices, including use of local and recycled construction materials, rainwater and condensation collection systems, environmentally friendly cleaning and maintenance products, energy efficient air conditioning and lighting technologies and close proximity to public transport. And while, from a customer standpoint, the movie experience isn’t so different from other cineplexes, the building does feature bathroom lights that turn off when unoccupied, a lobby full of natural light from banks of windows at the theater’s entrance and plenty of recycling containers.

Click here to read the complete article: http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2010/mar/16/carmike-greens-its-screens/

Many tenants are also looking for green buildings.  In the past few years most all tenants being represented by national brokers ask about the designations when they are touring the building or during a Request for Proposal.   We have yet to have a tenant demand a LEED desgination but they do want to know about it.

There is no doubt that green initiatives will continue to be popular and you will see more and more new buildings follow these guidelines as it gets less expensive to implement and the rewards grow even more.

Knoxville's Newest Office Building

There is a PR saying that goes “All publicity is good publicity”.  Some believe it, some don’t.  I like to pick and choose the times to like it. 

Certainly anytime one of your brand new buildings is a lead in the Knoxville News Sentinel it can be a good thing…unless the topic is how empty it is.  That is what happened last Friday.

Center Court at Lonas is a 40,000sft Class-A office building near the intersection of Lonas and Weisgarber in West Knoxville.  It has everything going for it…

Location: two minutes to I-40, 8 minutes to Pellissippi Parkway, 10 minutes to downtown.

Construction: Brick with floor to ceiling windows and ample parking.

Lease Rate: $19.00psf (full service net of tenant utilities).  You will not find a lower lease rate for a new building in Knoxville. 

Neighbors:  Bush Brother’s Beans and Pilot Oil corporate headquarters, two of Knoxville’s most successful businesses (this area breed’s success). 

What it doesn’t have are tenants.  The building was completed last summer and has had lots of activity but we haven’t closed any deals. 

Much of this is due to the recession.  The economy has done lots of things to the office market.  For one it has forced businesses to table expansion plans; but another factor is many corporations have downsized and looked to sublease their left over space.  If you could find sublease space for your company in a Class-A building for $11.00psf you would jump at it.  This is happening all over Knoxville and the nation.  

Commercial & Investment Properties has developed many of the buildings in the Papermill/Weisgarber corridor; Bush Beans Headquarters (originally called Wimbledon Park), Pilot Oil HQ (named Central Park West) and the Atrium.  That is five buildings within a mile of each other and there is currently no space available in any of the five. 

 Center Court will soon join them.  As a glass half-full type guy I like to think the building is 100% available instead of 0% occupied.  It gives us lots of possibilities.

 If you read the article below you will see my quote about the wave and the ebb.  Ask any one in commercial real estate and they will tell you it is a real thing.  A good example is our development Century Park at Pellissippi. 

100% leased prior to completion.

When built in 2004, Century Park I was 100% leased prior to completion.  That never happens in multi-tenant buildings in Knoxville.  In fact, it’s the first time we had done it in 35 years of business.  A year later we built our second building in the development.  It took 11 months before it was even 40% leased.  The wave and the ebb. 

 Is there pain in commercial real estate?  Yep.  With the proper planning, experience and insight can you get through it?  Absolutely. 

 Feel free to contact me if you have any questions jcazana@ciprop.com.

 Enjoy Josh Flory’s article.

 http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2010/feb/18/pain-seen-local-commercial-real-estate/

If you’re looking for new office space, Center Court at Lonas has plenty of it.

Located in West Knoxville’s Weisgarber Road corridor, the two-floor, 40,000-square-foot building was completed last June — but so far it has no tenants.

That’s bad news for the developer but a good example of the pain that’s afflicting the commercial real estate industry locally and nationally.

As the economy continues to struggle, the pinch is being felt by owners of commercial property and the banks who gave them loans. Some observers are worried that the commercial mortgage industry is headed for a collapse similar to the residential meltdown, which sparked the recent recession.

The Center Court office building was launched by veteran development firm Commercial & Investment Properties, and leasing director Justin Cazana said Thursday that the company builds in contingencies to make sure it’s protected. “It’s a cycle that sometimes you catch the wave and sometimes you catch the ebb,” he said. “And we caught the ebb.”

Across the country, though, there is growing concern that some landlords are headed for a wipeout. Earlier this month, the Congressional Oversight Panel issued a report saying it was deeply concerned that commercial loan losses could jeopardize the stability of many banks, “and that as the damage spreads beyond individual banks … it will contribute to prolonged weakness throughout the economy.”

As the report noted, the financing strategy for commercial property owners is different than that used by the typical homeowner. Once a building is leased, for example, the amortization schedule on the commercial mortgage may stretch over 30 years, but the mortgage term is much shorter, meaning it must be refinanced anywhere from three to 10 years after it goes into effect.

The report said that between 2010 and 2014, about $1.4 trillion in commercial real estate loans will reach the end of their terms and nearly half are currently underwater, meaning the borrower owes more than the underlying property is worth. That means it could be very difficult for many of those property owners to get new financing.

“A significant wave of commercial mortgage defaults would trigger economic damage that could touch the lives of nearly every American,” the report said. “Empty office complexes, hotels and retail stores could lead directly to lost jobs. Foreclosures on apartment complexes could push families out of their residences, even if they had never missed a rent payment.”

East Tennessee won’t necessarily be spared from that impact. At a roundtable discussion Thursday, commercial broker Roger Moore, the president of Sperry Van Ness R.M. Moore, said that historically Knoxville has been more immune to recessions. “I think everybody understands we’re really part of this one,” said Moore.

Maribel Koella, principal of brokerage firm NAI Knoxville, said in an interview that asking prices for property are going down and that lease rates are going way down. “Landlords have figured it out,” she said. “In order to compete with the property down the street, they have got to lower rents.”

At Thursday’s forum, Koella also echoed Moore’s point about pain being felt in the local market. According to NAI’s numbers, the total volume of commercial.

Let’s cut to the chase…when should you start looking for a new office?  Most brokers will tell you at least one year before your current lease is set to expire.

While all situations are different and factors regarding location, cost, size and type of space will play a factor, one year out is a good time to start.

It seems like a long time, but it can go by quickly.  Let’s put together a timeline for Joe’s Insurance.  Joe is looking for 6,000 square feet for his business.  He would like to be downtown or west Knoxville, in nice space.  It doesn’t have to be Class-A space, but pretty close.

Step 1-Find a broker, of course.  Depending on how much time Joe has to devote to the process this could take a day or a month.

Step 2-Joe sits down with his broker.  He needs to know what part of town Joe needs to be in? How much can Joe spend per month?  Does Joe need a space with a lot of offices or can an open floor plan work?  Other details include; parking requirements, hours of operation, length of lease etc…

Step 3-Property Search:  The broker performs a search through the commercial MLS , talks to other brokers, and relies on their basic knowledge about what is available.  This will provide an initial list for Joe to review.  Some properties will be deleted, others may be added, all based on cost, location and the type of building.  This will allow Joe to tour the spaces he is interested in without wasting vast amounts of  time.  Hopefully after the tour Joe will have narrowed his list to 2 or 3 spaces.  This entire process can take a week or three months.  It all depends on how quickly of a move is required and what is available.

Step 4-Here is where is gets tricky…determining where Joe really wants to go.  Some times it is easy, there is one place you want to go, everything is perfect.  More often than not there are multiple locations that would work.  In a situation like this an Request for Proposal (RFP) or Letter of Intent (LOI) is effective in determining exactly what you expect from the Landlord and what he expects from the tenant.  Typically an LOI or RFP will spell out the length of the term, the lease rate, and tenant improvements that the landlord will provide.  They can also get VERY detailed.  I’ve had LOI’s that are 1 page long and I’ve had LOI’s that are 35 pages long.  This process can take anywhere from 1 week to 2 months depending on how firm either party wants to stand on a specific issue.  With the LOI/RFP in place you can determine what is best for an office based on actual comparisons of rates, tenant improvements etc…   If you would like more information about LOI’s/RFP’s let me know jcazana@ciprop.com.

Step 5-Lease Review.  Once Joe has made his decision on the space he wants the landlord will (typically) provide a lease for the space.   The lease should include all the information that was negotiated in the LOI/RFP as well as MUCH more.  You will become familiar with words like default, estoppel, force majeure and many others.  While brokers can provide basic insight in the lease it is imperative that an attorney review this document.  Leases are legally binding and if you don’t understand the details it can get you in a lot of trouble if you default on the lease.  How long will lease review take?  One week to a year!  It just depends.  My favorite story about negotiating a lease was just a few months ago.  On my first conference call with the tenant’s attorney she told me she had just found out she was pregnant.  At the time of our last conference call to seal the deal her baby was 4 weeks old!  That is an extreme but it happens (especially with corporations).

There are many other details that are some times worked in to the process. 

• Space Planning: If a tenant is moving into brand new space (which has never been built out), or a significant amount of construction is required to prepare the space for occupancy, a space plan from an architect should be considered.  This will allow the tenant to determine how much space they really need.  How many offices fit in the space, the most efficient use of cubicle space, where the conference room should go etc…This takes anywhere from a week to a month depending on the size of the space.
• Construction Estimates:  The space plan will allow the tenant or landlord to determine how much construction will cost.  The last thing you want to have happen is to budget construction costs at $10,000 and it ends up being $50,000.  I’ve seen it happen.  This should take less than 10 days.
• Construction:  Again, depending on the size of the of the office and what is involved construction typically takes between 60-90 days.  That includes construction documents, permitting and actual construction.

So there you go, a “looking for space timeline” in a nutshell.   If you need to find space in 2010 its time to start looking.

You can reach Commercial & Investment Properties if you have any questions about property searches.  865-584-3967 or jcazana@ciprop.com